The gram equals one thousandth of a kilogram. It is the standard unit in European cooking, pharmaceuticals and jewellery. An A4 sheet of 80 g/m² paper weighs about 5 g; a regular chicken egg is around 60 g. The word "gram" comes from the Greek "gramma", a small weight.
Real-world: A chicken egg weighs about 60 g. A standard bar of chocolate is 100 g. A euro coin weighs 7.5 g.
Read full gram reference →The kilogram is the SI base unit of mass. Since 2019 it has been defined via the fixed numerical value of Planck's constant — a major shift from the previous definition based on a physical artifact. One litre of water at 4 °C has a mass of almost exactly 1 kg, a coincidence designed into the original 1795 definition.
Real-world: A litre of water weighs 1 kg at 4 °C. An average adult weighs 60–90 kg. A standard bag of flour is 1 kg.
Read full kilogram reference →