The UK imperial gallon equals 4.54609 litres exactly. Defined in 1824 as the volume of 10 pounds of water at 62 ยฐF. Still used for fuel economy reporting in the UK and some older industrial contexts. The UK imperial gallon is about 20% larger than the US gallon.
Real-world: UK petrol sold by litre since 1995, but economy is quoted in UK mpg: a diesel car at 60 mpg (UK) uses 4.7 L/100 km.
Read full uk gallon reference โThe US cup equals 240 millilitres in common usage (legally defined as 236.588 ml). The metric cup (Australia, NZ) is 250 ml; the UK "cup" is 284 ml but rarely used in recipes. Cooking recipes from the US dominate online, so 240 ml is the safe default for "cup".
Real-world: 1 cup of water = 240 g = 240 ml. 1 cup of all-purpose flour weighs about 125 g. A Starbucks Tall is 12 fl oz = 1.5 cups.
Read full cup reference โ